Spinal Cord Stimulator Implant

Spinal Cord Stimulator Implant: Overview

Spinal cord stimulation (also called SCS) is used to relieve chronic low back and sciatic pain. It uses electrical impulses to prevent pain signals from being perceived by the brain. SCS candidates include people for whom conservative treatments have failed and surgery is not likely to help.

STEP 1: Trial Implantation

After local anesthetic is administered, one or more insulated wire leads are inserted near the spinal cord through a needle or through a small incision. The leads are connected to a temporary stimulator. The stimulator will be used for several days or weeks to determine if SCS will help the patient.

STEP 2: Permanent Implantation

Electrodes at the end of the leads emit electrical signals that block pain signals. The patient helps the physician determine where to place the electrodes by feeling when the stimulation masks their pain. If pain decreases by 50 percent during the trial period, the system may be permanently implanted. 

STEP 3: Receiver Implantation

The second procedure is usually performed under general anesthesia. The temporary leads are removed and, through a needle or incision, permanent leads are implanted.

The receiver is implanted under the skin in the buttocks or abdomen. The leads are then connected to the receiver. The power source for the implant may be internal (from a pulse generator) or external (from a transmitter and antenna).

End of Procedure

The implant’s electrical impulses are programmed with an external unit. The patient can turn the system on or off and adjust the stimulation settings. After surgery, patients may experience mild discomfort and swelling at the incision sites for several days. Over time, the leads may move or become damaged from strenuous activity and require repositioning or replacement.